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JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
ISSN:
1582-5388
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Editorial Daniela Manuc, Elena Lungu The European Union within the Community
Public Health Program 2003-2008 set down the objectives of establishing and operating a
sustainable health monitoring system. The system aims at producing comparable
information on health and health-related behavior of the population, on disease and health systems. The system will continue the work of the previous
community health programs and should be complementary to the activities of
the Community Statistical Program and to work underway in Community agencies
and in international organizations such as World Health Organization
(WHO) and Organization for Economic
Co-operation and Development (OECD). Ü FULL
TEXT.PDF Health Patterns and Determinants Luminiţa
Smaranda Iancu, Medea Berea, M Onofriescu, Raluca Filimon, Ramona Gabriela Ursu, Andreea Mihaela Marian, G
Berea, Simona Berea Abstract. Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is a risk
factor of nosocomial infection (NI) with compromised hosts, including
neonates. Objective. The objective
of our study was to compare the prevalence of MRSA infections in the
new–born(s) and in the laying – in woman, in two maternities from Iasi city. Materials and methods. There have
been studied 161 new–born(s) and 381 lying-in woman in the A maternity; 1049
new–born(s) and 768 lying – in woman were studied in B maternity. S. aureus, was identified by classical
methods, inclusive latex-agglutination test, and was isolated from: pharynx
exsudates, vaginal discharges and lochia
rubra. Sensitivity testing to methicillin was made with 5µg disks, using
NCCLS standard. Results.
Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) were
identified in 23% (15 / 53) and 77% were identified like MRSA from the all of
isolates (53), in A maternity; in B maternity, MSSA and MRSA represented
53.6% and 46.4% (19 / 41) respectively, from 41 isolates tested. Conclusions. The new–born(s) represent a risk group for severe
infections with MRSA; specific measures like nasal ointment with mupirocin
and antiseptic solutions for the skin lesions must be performed concerning
control strategies and the prevention of MRSA transmission in neonate unit. Key
words: MRSA, new–born(s), laying–in woman, nosocomial infections, mupirocin Ü FULL
TEXT.PDF Rajendran C Gopalan, Louisa D Nelson, Julie M Thornton, Diana Anderson Abstract. Aims. Hormones can react through receptors and/or possibly
through the production of oxygen radicals. The Comet assay examined DNA
damage produced by the androgens, testosterone (TES) and dihydrotestosterone
(DHT), and the oestrogens, diethylstilbestrol (DES) and β-oestradiol in
NCTC2544 cells (keratinocyte cell line) and primary keratinocytes.
Materials and methods. The TES and DHT responses were
evaluated with and without the androgen
modulator, cyproterone acetate (CPA), and DES and β-oestradiol with and
without the oestrogen modulator, tamoxifen (TAM). Oxygen radical-type effects
in keratinocytes were evaluated with hydrogen peroxide (H202)
by itself and in combination with catalase (CAT), CPA and TAM. Results
and discussion. TES, DHT and DES produced positive responses, and the
extent of the DNA damage produced was reduced by the appropriate modulator.
The DNA damage induced by H202 was reduced by
CAT, CPA, and TAM. Conclusions. These observations suggest by analogy, that
oxygen radicals are involved in DNA damage produced by the hormones. Key words: androgens, oestrogens, cyproterone acetate, tamoxifen,
hydrogen peroxide, skin cells, oxygen radical damage Ü FULL
TEXT.PDF p53
Expression in Haematological Malignancies: Response to Alkylating Agent in
the Comet Assay
Afruj A Ruf, Ann C Cuthbert,
Behzad Foroutan, Diana Anderson Abstract. Aims. The P53
gene is a tumour suppressor, often inactivated by deletion and/or point
mutation in malignancies. The incidence of p53 mutation in haematological
malignancies varies with malignancy type and cell lineage affected. It is associated
with disease progression, poor prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy. The
wild-type p53 protein has a short half-life and cannot be detected by
immunocytochemistry, whereas the mutated form has an extended half-life and
can be. Materials and methods. Using lymphocyte cytospin preparations from patients with a range of
haematological malignancies, p53 mutation was assessed with
immunocytochemistry. Results. 83 patients showed intracellular p53 in
16 cases, including 4/18 (22%) Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), 3/15 (20%)
chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), 2/13 (15%) myeloma, 2/19 (11%) chronic
myeloid leukaemia (CML), 1/3 (33%) hairy cell leukaemia (HCL), 4/15 (27%)
myelodysplatic syndromes (MDS) including two transformed acute myeloid
leukaemia (AML). Using the Comet
assay, lymphocytes from the p53 positive NHL, CLL, CML and AML cases showed
reduced damage to the alkylating agent, ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), when
compared to p53 negative cases. Conclusions. This
suggested that mutant p53 positive cases are resistant to damage by cytotoxic
agents.
Key Words: haematological
malignancies, p53 mutant protein, lymphocyte cytospin preparations,
immuncytoochemistry, comet assay, ethyl methanesulphonateÜ FULL TEXT.PDF International Perspectives
on Correlation of Socio-Behavioral Risk Factors With Dental Caries Daniela Manuc, Simona Bulgaru, Luminita Smaranda
Iancu Abstract. Diseases have as determinants the complex chain of
environmental and behavioral events which are shaped by broader socioeconomic
ones. Most studies of socio-behavioral risk factors of dental health have
been carried out in industrialized countries, but such reports from low- and
middle-income countries have been published in recent years. World Health
Organization (WHO), international collaborative studies and other
international studies related to social factors in dental caries using the
same methodology, provide empirical evidence of social inequality in oral
health across countries and across oral health care systems. The paper
highlights the challenges to dental public health practice, particularly the
importance of risk assessment in estimating the potential for prevention. In
future public health programs, systematic risk factor assessment may be
therefore used as an instrument in the planning and surveillance of oral
health promotion and oral disease intervention programs. Key words: dental health, public health,
programs, health needs, health determinants Ü FULL
TEXT.PDF Dermatoglyphics
in Diabetes Mellitus of Type 2 (T2DM)
or Non-Insulindependent Ana Ţarcă Abstract. Aim. The study is aimed to analyze
the pathology of palmary dermatoglyphics of a group of population from
Moldova (North-East part of Romania). Materials and methods. The study
was performed on a group of 190 patients (60 men and 130 women), affected by
diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM), aged between 40 and 82. The installation of
the disease has occurred between the age of 35 and 80 years of age.
Results. The results reached in the analysis of the 380 dermatoglyphic
files have been compared with those recorded (by the author) for T1DM -
affected patients, and for a reference sample from the same geographical
region with the former ones. The observation to be made is that, regardless
of the age of the malady’s onset or of the afferent complications generated
by T2DM in time, the patients evidenced a palmary dermatoglyphic picture with
a deep pathological charge, suggestively illustrated by 10 important
distortions or anomalies carrying profound medical significance. Associated
in various combinations, between 3 and 6, in the palmar print of each
affected person, such anomalies recorded values sensibly different from those
of the reference sample, being quite close to the behavior of T1DM - affected
patients, in whom - actually - the clinical manifestations of the malady are
(generally) similar. If, by its 10 individual palmary distortions T2DM is
highly resembling T1DM, once they might be utilized as ,,markers” for a
precocious diagnosis of the persons in whom the risk of T2DM is quite high,
two important deviations at the level of the whole palmary picture permit the
differentiation of the two forms of diabetes for further possible populational studies have
been evidenced. They refer to the sensible diminution of the pattern
frequency in the interdigital space IV, which led to a different positioning
of this compartment in the classical distribution formula, namely:
III > Hp > IV > Th/I >
II instead of: IV > III > Hp
> Th/I > II. Conclusions. Distorsions might be markers in the
individual diagnosis. Dermatoglyphic test represent one of the procedure for
tracing diabetes in population. Key words: palmary dermatoglyphics, distortions or
anomalies, pathology, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) Ü FULL
TEXT.PDF Alexandra Cucu, Doina Lupulescu Abstract. Transport is an
essential factor for economic development. Unfortunately actual trends,
indicating an unsustainable way of
development, are leading to large detrimental health and environmental
impacts. Consequently, the results of analyses of evidences for the type,
magnitude and costs of transport-related health and environmental effects,
international, integrated action on transport, environment and health were
developed. They provide a valuable framework for the development of national
and local action to address the transport related health effects, which falls
under the responsibility and mission of the national public health
authorities Key words: environmental health, public health
authorities, transport
Ü FULL
TEXT.PDF The
Role of Plantar Traumatisms in the Appearance of Plantar Ulcers Júlia-Edit Fekete, L Gy
Fekete Abstract. Aim. The aim of the present
study was to summarize the conclusions of the literature regarding the role
of plantar traumatisms in the appearance of plantar ulcers. Materials and methods. The data base Medline was used
for the identifying the literature in the field. We selected the studies the
demonstrated a correlation between traumatisms and plantar ulcers and papers
published as full text and abstracts too. We decided that a numbers of 3
studies satisfied our criteria that have formed our methanalysis. Results. In the selected studies, the
plantar ulcer caused by diabetes is a well documented and described clinic
notion. These studies evaluate the importance of different risk factors of
the plantar ulcers. All by the studies mention the plantar traumatism,
measured by a higher plantar pressure, as a risk factor for the appearance of
the ulcers, as well as of the late complications as: leg amputation or other
ulcers. Conclusions. There are studies that
show the association between plantar ulcers. The studies taken into
account by our methanalyzis underline plantar traumatism as a risk factor for the
appearance of plantar ulcers.
Key
words: plantar, traumatism, ulcer, methanalyzis, risk factor Ü FULL
TEXT.PDF Predispozing
and Promoting Factors of Mal Perforant
Pedis L Gy Fekete, Júlia-Edit Fekete Abstract. Aim. The aim of our study
was to determine the prevalence of predisposed and favorizing factors of mal
perforant pedis (MPP). Materials and methods. The studied lot was
represented by 40 inpatients diagnosed with plantar ulcers, in the Tg. Mures,
Dermatologic Clinic in the period of 1996-2000. The predisposed factors
considered were: sex, nutrition status, inpatient, reinpatient, life style,
alcohol consumption, smoking. Working environment and repeated exposure to
the same pollutant were considered as favorizing factors. Results and
discussion. Mans were more frequent in the studied lot (82.5% vs 17.5%) and aged patients (73.5%
retired vs 27.5% active). Nutrition
status revealed 20% over weight and 50% under weight. Average length stay was
about 23.3 days and for the inpatients with 6 years was about 3.45 days. 65%
of them were smokers. Alcohol consumption > 100 ml/day was registered in
32.5% and 22.5% respectively. Regarding patients occupation, 27.5% used to
have difficult physical work duty, 57.5% medium physical work and about 15%
used to have intellectual duties. We mentioned local exposure to
polivirilchlorid, particularly present in the composition of rubber boots,
35% of patients confirming the ware of these boots more than 5 years. The
prolonged ortostatism (> 8 hours/day) along time (> 20 years) was
present in 60% of patients. Repeated examinations of the plantar zone were
found in approximately 45% of patients. Conclusions. The results of
this study were in close concordance with those found in the literature in
the field, related to predisposed and favorizing factors of plantar ulcers. Key words: mal perforant pedis, predisposed factors, favorizing factors,
neurologic, osteoarticular, vascular Ü FULL TEXT.PDF Dental Health Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus Levels in Oral Cleft Patients Joanna
Antoszewska, Teresa Matthews-Brzozowska, Beata Kawala Abstract. Aim. The aim of the
present study was to search the manner in which cariogenic bacteria might coexist with know
bacteria that produce volatile sulfur compounds and represent the cause of
habitasis. Materials and methods.
100 patients aged 11-21y with palatal clefts and malocclusions were divided
into two groups: group A was treated with fixed orthodontic appliances, group
B was treated with removable appliances. The untreated group C represented
the control one. Patients were
examined for halitosis and an assessment for cariogenic bacteria from saliva
samples was performed. Significance
established at p<0.05 was used to analyze the data by U-Mann-Whitney test
and r-Spearman coefficient. Results. The patients presented lower
levels of Streptococcus mutans than
expected. Group B showed an inverse relationship between halitosis and the
presence of cariogenic bacteria.
Groups A and C had higher levels of Streptococcus mutans that did not inhibit the development of
microbes that produce volatile sulfur compounds. Conclusion. Our study
showed that cleft palate patients have a diminished caries risk comparing to
non cleft ones. Therefore, these patients have special oral hygiene needs and
must focus on brushing either the tongue or an appliance. Key
words: cariogenic bacteria, halitosis, cleft palate, orthodontics Ü FULL TEXT.PDF Systemic Impact of MIH
Syndrome on the Child and Adolescent
Marinela Păsăreanu, Adriana Bălan, A Maxim Abstract. Aim. The
aim of our study was to monitoring the
prevalence of the First Permanent Molar and Incisor Hypomineralisation
Syndrome (MIH) in schoolchildren from Iasi. Materials and methods. The surveyhas been carried out on a number
of 681 children aging from 8 to 11: 401 girls (58.9%) and 280 boys (41.1%).
The Enamel Defect Index (EDI) was used in order to classify data. Results and discussion. Our study
showed a prevalence of enamel development
in permanent incisors of 10.28% and in first permanent molars of 4.26%. The prevalence of MIH Syndrome
was 14.54%, a quite high value, explained by the low fluoride concentration
in the studied area. The enamel defects in permanent
incisors had a RR of 2.41 (1.59 - 3.67 CI 95%). The prevalence of defect emergence in the first permanent
molars is more probable if the affected incisors have a lower prevalence (r=
- 0.50). Conclusions. Our study
revealed a MIH Syndrome prevalence of 14.54%. The correlation between the permanent incisors and the first
permanent molars was r = - 0.50 and on the mandible r = 0.22. The ratio of
affected first permanent molars compared to the incisors was of 1/4. Key-words: mineralization,
prevalence, Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation Syndrome Ü FULL
TEXT.PDF |
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