|
JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE ISSN: 1582-5388
|
C O N T E N T S Public health Nicolae Tudor Racoveanu Abstract. Health Technology (HT) or
Medical Technology is at present one of the important reasons of inequity in
Health Care visible in our world as demonstrated very clearly by the UNSCEAR
2000. Data of this document demonstrate that less than 25% of the world
population has reasonable access to diagnostic radiology and that situation
is not improving but on the contrary, deteriorating. The main reason are the
high cost of Health Devices which are not designed with the view to serve the
world at large. The solution to this situation is to change the actual policy
imposed by the industry and to adopt the approach used in the field of
"essential drugs", which means to design appropriate HT devices
responding to the following criteria: 1- scientifically and technically
valid-producing better outcome; 2-reliable and reproducible; 3- affordable by
those who need the HT; 4-clear, unambiguous in functions; 5-multidisciplinary
in concept, maintenance and utilization; 6-periodically revised and improved;
7- adequately documented and certified. With such approach supported by the
users and producers of HT it will be possible to offer to the majority of
those deprived today the opportunity to see the improvement of the health
status they deserve. Key words: radiological equipment, diagnostic radiology, QA programmes Ü FULL TEXT.PDF Does the
diagnostic radiology pattern change? Cornelia Diaconescu, Olga Iacob Abstract. Diagnostic
radiology is the major contributor to population exposure in Key words: diagnostic
radiology, X-ray exams, annual frequencies, tendency, CT
Ü FULL TEXT.PDF Population exposure from diagnostic
nuclear medicine practice: 2000 update Olga Iacob, Cornelia Diaconescu Abstract. This survey represents a update of the
Romanian population exposure from in
vivo diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures, focused on the year 2000.
The new estimates are: 3.2 for the
average annual number of diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures per 1000
population, 12.7 mSv a-1 for the average effective dose per
patient undergoing diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures, 910 man
Sv for the annual collective effective dose and 40 mSv for the annual effective dose per capita.
As in previous surveys conducted during 1990 and 1995, the most important
examination both, by frequency and contribution to annual collective dose,
was the thyroid investigation. Although the frequency of the 99mTc
use has increased since the last survey (1995) by 44 per cent, 131I
is still the radionuclide of choice for more than 50% of thyroid
investigations, imparting continuously high doses to patients. Key words: diagnostic nuclear
medicine, radiopharmaceuticals, effective
dose Ü FULL TEXT.PDF Occupational hygiene Evaluation
of airborne and endotoxin in corn storage and processing facilities in
Colorado Roy M. Buchan, Pabitra Rijal,
Delvin Sandfort, Tom Keefe Abstract. The main objectives of this research were to
determine what aerosols were present by taking total dust (TD) samples and
thoracic particulate mass samples (TPM) on farms and in grain elevators.
Cascade impactors were used to characterize size distribution of dust and
endotoxins at each site. Total dust concentrations on farms had a geometric
mean 3.4 mg/m3 and 3.3 mg/m3 in elevators. The
geometric mean (GM) concentrations for the TPM were 2.4 mg/m3 on
farms and 1.0 mg/m3 in elevators. Endotoxin concentrations as
geometric means were alarming at 3,175 EU/m3 total dust and 983
EU/m3 by TPM on farms. In
elevators, the GM concentrations for endotoxins were 2,534 EU/m3 total dust and 526 EU/m3 by TPM.
The mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) for endotoxins on farms was 8.0 mm and 6.5 mm in elevators. The paired t-test was applied
to the log radios of endotoxin concentrations (EU/m3) and dust
concentrations (mg/m3), for paired samples of the TD and TPM. A
higher content of endotoxin was associated with TPM for farms but not
elevators. It was concluded that althought the TPM fraction (dust) may
represents a small part of the total mass, the aerosol size is optimum for
deposition in the lung’s tubular airways, and might cause airway inflammation
due to the endotoxins. The TPM fraction of corn dust represents the best
measure of exposure with regard to the potential development of long-term
airways inflammation, and the potential of chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease among chronically exposed workers. All endotoxin concentrations were
well above recommended exposure levels of several researchers familiar with
endotoxin health effects. Key
words: respiratory hazards, aerosols, agriculture, corn dust Ü FULL TEXT.PDF Contaminants old and new – innovation in prevention
Harry Aiking Abstract.
Environmental issues are becoming increasingly complex, however,
multidisciplinary co-operation may yield unprecedented opportunities for
innovative solutions. Two extreme and opposing cases are used to illustrate
the potential and pitfalls of this approach for prevention. Metal mining is one old industry which presents a
clear and present danger to man and the environment. During the 1998 calamity
in Key words: prevention,
environment, society, technology, contaminants, innovation,
multidisciplinarity,metal mining, meat industry, industrial transformation Ü FULL TEXT.PDF Control
banding – a practical approach to judging control methods for chemicals
Paul Oldershaw Abstract There is widespread
concern over the risks, real or feared, from the rapidly increasing inventory
of chemicals in commercial use. Many users of chemicals rely for their
information on their supplier and safety data sheets (SDS). These summaries of properties are difficult
for the average user to convert into practical control action. It is possible to take the classification
data (the Risk Phrases) which are globally harmonised and link these directly
to control advice given a knowledge of the process and purpose of the
chemical - information immediately available to many. A level of control can be introduced, which
although lacking the specific assurance of a professional hygiene and
toxicological assessment does present sensible action. This approach has received widespread
support by employers, workers and professional hygienists in the Key
words: control banding, safety data sheets, Risk Phrases, Occupational
exposure limits
Ü FULL TEXT.PDF Occupational
hygiene in Romania: particular issues
Radu Brănişteanu
Abstract. Occupational Hygiene plays an important role
in many Occupational Health Safety and The Environment projects, but the
efficiency of this activity is strongly influenced by factors exogenous to
the profession. This paper undertakes a partial analysis of the Occupational Hygiene (OH)
practise in Key
words: Occupational Hygiene, hazard identification, hazard control Ü FULL TEXT.PDF
Analysis of nicotine and cotinine in tobacco industry workersRodica Stănescu Dumitru, Carmen Ruxandra
Artenie, Eleonora Cerbu, Vali Constantinescu
Abstract.
The present study aimed to
follow up the levels of nicotine and its major metabolite, cotinine, in
workers’ urine of tobacco industry, using a reliable gas chromatographic
method. The limit of detection for both
nicotine and cotinine was 10 ng ml-1.
We consider that the urinary nicotine and cotinine levels might be served as
biological monitoring index for estimation of the exposure level for the
non-smoking workers in tobacco industry. Key
words: nicotine, cotinine, chromatography, occupational exposure Ü FULL TEXT.PDF “Sick Building Syndrome” in actualityElena-Ana Păuncu, Liliana Sîrb, Carmen Oros, Marius Fernolendt,
Gabriela Papoe, Mioara Bocşa Abstract.
The study have been
performed a new established factory near Key
words: sick building syndrome, air pollution, health status Ü FULL TEXT.PDF Cristina Cordoneanu, Ioan Grinea, Radu Brănişteanu, Raul
Hreniuc Abstract. The screening type study
emphasizes the part played by axillary temperature measurement as a first
step in ODTS diagnosis in workers exposes to organic dust (jute). An exposed
group of 110 workers (98 females): age = 39 years, working duration = 12
years, exposed to jute, has been examined. Workplaces of: squashing; carding;
laminating; spinning; twisting; starching; rolling were investigated. Noxious
agents were: fibers and dust of jute; noise; adverse microclimate. Workers
exposed to wood and chemical noxious agents (57 persons each) were also
investigated. There were 5 examinations: (1) Monday Keywords: ODTS; jute; axillary temperature;
occupational hygiene Ü FULL TEXT.PDF History of medicine Beginnings of social medicine and labour medicine in Romania
Cristina Ionescu The influence of external environment on
human body was noticed since ancient times.
Hyppocrate made some written observations on the influence of outer
world (climate, geographical area, waters, wind, diet, social system) upon
the human being, in other words of macrocosms on the microcosmos. During the past
centuries, subsequent to industrial revolution, development of agriculture,
diversification of crafts and occurrence of new social classes, the diseases
caused by noxious agents, inadequate diet or consumption of altered food and
physical exhaustion due to the long work program of 10-12 hours appeared. Ü FULL TEXT.PDF Scientific
meetings Thirteenth Conference of the International Society of
Environmental Epidemiology (ISEE) Gabriela Mancaş The 2001 Annual Conference of ISEE was hosted
by the Institute of Epidemiology, GSF -
National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg,
Germany. The
purpose of the meeting was to attract participants from |
|
